An assessment of condom use and HIV prevention among university students in Gombe State
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Background of the Study
Condom use is a critical component of HIV prevention, particularly among young adults and university students who are at higher risk of engaging in risky sexual behaviors. In Gombe State, university students represent a dynamic population where sexual activity is common, and prevention strategies must be effectively communicated to reduce HIV transmission. Despite the proven efficacy of condoms in preventing HIV, inconsistent usage among university students remains a significant challenge (Ibrahim, 2024; Adeyemi, 2023).
University environments are characterized by high levels of social interaction, experimentation, and peer influence, which can both promote and hinder safe sex practices. While some students are well-informed about the benefits of condom use, others may be influenced by cultural norms, misinformation, and perceived social stigma. The availability of condoms, coupled with effective sexual health education, is essential for encouraging their consistent use. However, studies suggest that there is often a gap between knowledge and practice, leading to lower-than-expected condom use rates among students (Chukwu, 2024).
This study aims to assess condom use and its role in HIV prevention among university students in Gombe State. By examining factors such as accessibility, attitudes, and social influences, the research seeks to understand the barriers and facilitators to consistent condom use. Data will be gathered through surveys, focus groups, and interviews with students to provide a comprehensive view of sexual health behaviors on campus. The findings are expected to inform targeted interventions and policies that can enhance HIV prevention efforts among young adults in university settings (Ogunleye, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
In Gombe State, despite widespread awareness of HIV prevention methods, condom use among university students remains inconsistent. This inconsistency contributes to an elevated risk of HIV transmission in a population that is otherwise at high risk due to social and behavioral factors. Factors such as cultural taboos, perceived stigma, and misconceptions about condom effectiveness contribute to low usage rates. Moreover, the disconnect between sexual health education and actual behavior exacerbates the risk, leaving students vulnerable to HIV infection (Lawal, 2023).
The challenges in promoting consistent condom use are compounded by issues such as limited accessibility, inadequate health education on campus, and peer pressure. While condoms are readily available in many urban areas, their utilization in university settings may be hindered by negative perceptions and a lack of supportive environments for open discussions about safe sex. The failure to effectively promote condom use undermines broader HIV prevention strategies and contributes to continued HIV transmission among young adults.
This study seeks to address these gaps by investigating the factors influencing condom use among university students in Gombe State. The research will analyze both the knowledge and attitudes towards condom use, as well as the practical barriers that impede consistent use. The insights gained will be essential for developing targeted interventions that promote safer sexual behaviors and ultimately reduce HIV transmission in this high-risk group.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the prevalence of condom use among university students in Gombe State.
- To identify factors influencing condom use and non-use.
- To recommend strategies to improve condom use as a means of HIV prevention.
Research Questions
- What is the rate of condom use among university students in Gombe State?
- What socio-cultural and behavioral factors influence condom use?
- What interventions can effectively increase consistent condom use?
Research Hypotheses
- Higher levels of sexual health education are significantly associated with increased condom use.
- Cultural stigma and peer pressure negatively affect condom use among students.
- Targeted interventions will significantly improve condom use and reduce HIV risk.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on university students in Gombe State. Data will be collected through surveys, interviews, and focus groups. Limitations include potential self-report bias and variability in attitudes across different campuses.
Definitions of Terms
- Condom Use: The regular and correct usage of condoms during sexual activity.
- HIV Prevention: Measures aimed at reducing the risk of HIV transmission.
- University Students: Young adults enrolled in higher education institutions.
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